Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids.

The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway.

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks.

Interacting selectively with diacylglycerol, a diester of glycerol and two fatty acids.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair.

Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl(alpha-tubulin) + H2O = alpha-tubulin + acetate.

The preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the general nucleotide excision repair pathway.

In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase.

The directed movement into, out of or within the cell of urea, the water-soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2, produced in the liver via the ornithine-urea cycle.

The ligation by DNA ligase of DNA strands. Ligation occurs after polymerase action to fill the gap left by the action of endonucleases during base-excision repair.

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA.

In nucleotide excision repair a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts).