The formation from simpler components of acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated.

The formation of acetyl-CoA from simpler components, including pyruvate.

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine = UDP + D-galactosyl-1,3-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine.

The chemical reactions involving lactate, the anion of lactic acid.

The series of events in which an external stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.

The chemical reactions involving octanol, the 8-carbon alcohol with the formula C8H17OH.

The series of events in which an (non-living) abiotic stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.

The chemical reactions involving glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.

The series of events in which a light stimulus (in the form of photons) is received and converted into a molecular signal.

The chemical reactions involving glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.

The series of events in which a visible light stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm.

The chemical reactions involving glucans, polysaccharides consisting only of glucose residues.

The chemical reactions involving beta-1,3 glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by 1,3-beta-D-glucosidic bonds.

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of excitation of rhodopsin by a photon and the events then required to return the rhodopsin containing cell to the unexcited state.

The formation from simpler components of beta-1,3 glucans.

The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from UV-A or blue light into a molecular signal; the UV-A, blue light range is defined as having a wavelength within the range of approximately 400-500 nm.