A series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Rac family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.

A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; in Saccharomyces it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source; consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5.

Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutaminyl-peptide = 5-oxoprolyl-peptide + NH3.

Extra-nucleolar nuclear domains usually visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescent antibodies to specific proteins.

A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection.

A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.

The breakdown into simpler components of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.

The covalent or conformational alteration of one or more nucleotides within RNA, resulting in a change in the properties of the RNA.

G-protein coupled serotonin receptor activity

The sequence of enzymatic reactions by which the 5' cap structure, an inverted 7-methylguanosine linked via a 5'-5' triphosphate bridge (m7G(5')ppp(5')X) to the first transcribed residue, is added to a nascent RNA polymerase II transcript.

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to physical parameters involved in energy generation, such as light, oxygen, and oxidizable substrates.

Catalysis of the reaction: D-xylose + NADP+ = D-xylono-1,5-lactone + NADPH.

The portion of the flagellum that connects the filament to the basal body. As in, but not restricted to, the taxon Bacteria (Bacteria, ncbi_taxonomy_id:2).

A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a xenobiotic compound stimulus. Xenobiotic compounds are compounds foreign to living organisms.