Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cytokines from a cell or group of cells.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a protein from a cell or group of cells.

negative regulation of protein secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate, frequency or extent of the regulated release of a protein from a cell or group of cells.

A proteinaceous core found between sister chromatids during meiotic prophase.

double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing

Repair of a DSB made between two repeated sequences oriented in the same direction occurs primarily by the single strand annealing pathway. The ends of the break are processed by a 5' to 3' exonuclease, exposing complementary single-strand regions of the direct repeats that can anneal, resulting in a deletion of the unique DNA between the direct repeats.

A structural unit of the synaptonemal complex found between the lateral elements.

double-strand break repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing

SDSA is a major mechanism of double-strand break repair in mitosis which allows for the error-free repair of a double-strand break without the exchange of adjacent sequences. The broken DNA searches for and base pairs with a homologous region in an intact chromosome. DNA synthesis initiates from the 3' end of the invading DNA strand, using the intact chromosome as the template. Newly synthesized DNA is then displaced from the template and anneal with its complement on the other side of the double-strand break.

A structural unit of the synaptonemal complex that spans the regions between the lateral elements and connects them.

Correction of replication errors by DNA polymerase using a 3'-5' exonuclease activity.

A chromosome involved in sex determination.

maintenance of fidelity during DNA-dependent DNA replication

The correction of errors made during DNA replication by either intrinsic DNA polymerase proofreading activity or via mismatch repair.