The chemical reactions involving DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides.

Catalysis of the reaction: UTP + alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate = diphosphate + UDP-galactose.

Acts to negatively regulate the activity of activin, a nonsteroidal regulator synthesized in the pituitary gland and gonads that stimulates the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone.

Catalysis of the cleavage of a 5' flap structure in DNA, but not other DNA structures; processes the 5' ends of Okazaki fragments in lagging strand DNA synthesis.

An enzyme complex that catalyzes the ligation of glutamate to cysteine, forming glutamylcysteine.

The process by which genetic material undergoes a detectable and heritable structural change. There are three categories of mutation: genome mutations, involving addition or subtraction of one or more whole chromosomes; chromosome mutations, which alter the structure of chromosomes; and gene mutations, where the structure of a gene is altered at the molecular level.

The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway.

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair.

The processes that establish the spatial arrangement of mitochondria between and within cells.

The preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the general nucleotide excision repair pathway.