The formation from simpler components of oligosaccharides, molecules with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages.

The directed movement of carbohydrate into, out of, within or between cells. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.

A change in state or activity of the organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the perception of radiation.

The directed movement of hexose into, out of, within or between cells. Hexoses are any aldoses with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a nucleoside residue in an rRNA molecule.

Interacting selectively with a receptor for hormones.

DNA damage response, signal transduction resulting in induction of apoptosis

A cascade of processes initiated by the perception of DNA damage and resulting in the induction of apoptosis (programmed cell death).

DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme

Large protein complex composed of the RNA polymerase core complex and a variety of other proteins including transcription factor complexes TFIIA, D, E, F, and H which are required for promoter recognition, and the Mediator subcomplex. Catalyzes the synthesis of eukaryotic pre-mRNA.

induction of apoptosis by oxidative stress

The activation, by oxidative stress, of any of the steps required for cell death by apoptosis.

A multimeric enzyme complex that in E. coli is an heterooctamer made up of four alpha subunits and four beta subunits. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-D-galactosides.

A multiprotein transcriptional mediator complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for transcription of most protein-coding genes. The Saccharomyces complex contains a core of core complex consists of 16 polypeptides: Srb2, -4, -5, -6, and -7, Med1, -2, -4, -6, -7, and -8, Gal11, Sin4, Rgr1, Rox3, and Pgd1 proteins; mammalian Srb-mediator complexes include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.